Claas 8 I Chapter 16 - "WORLD PEACE"

 

ENGLISH READER-III • CLASS 8

LESSON 16

WORLD PEACE

Read • Click & Learn • Listen • Understand • Practise • Think • Write

🌍 About the Lesson

🕊️

World Peace

This lesson teaches us that peace should begin with our own behaviour. We should avoid fighting, respect others and live together in harmony.

The lesson also introduces the idea of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” — the world is one family.

🤝

पाठ का संदेश

इस पाठ का मुख्य संदेश है कि शांति की शुरुआत हमारे अपने व्यवहार से होती है। हमें लड़ाई-झगड़े से बचना चाहिए, दूसरों का सम्मान करना चाहिए और मिल-जुलकर रहना चाहिए।

‘वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम्’ हमें सिखाता है कि पूरी पृथ्वी एक परिवार है।

📖 LET'S READ — WORLD PEACE

🖱️ Important: अब इस chapter में केवल New Words ही नहीं, बल्कि हर practical English word clickable है। किसी भी coloured word पर tap/click करें। Popup में phonics, pronunciation, Hindi meaning, easy sentence और English → Hindi audio मिलेगा।

(Students are fighting in the classroom. The teacher enters the classroom.)

Teacher : Students, why are you fighting?

Aman : Madam, Shanti snatched my notebook.

Shanti : No madam, Aman is telling a lie.

Teacher : Stop fighting. You should not waste your energy in fighting. Use it in a right way. If you are not able to keep peace in your classroom, how can you keep peace in the world.

Aman : Madam, what does peace in the world mean?

Teacher : Before knowing what does 'peace in the world' mean, Do you know the meaning of world?

Aman : Yes madam, 'world' means 'Duniya' or 'Sansar'.

Teacher : Good, now tell me what is 'peace'?

Shanti : Madam, 'peace' means 'Shanti'.

🇮🇳 सरल हिन्दी अर्थ
विद्यार्थी कक्षा में लड़ रहे थे। शिक्षक ने कक्षा में प्रवेश करके पूछा कि वे क्यों लड़ रहे हैं। अमन ने कहा कि शांति ने उसकी नोटबुक छीन ली है। शांति ने कहा कि अमन झूठ बोल रहा है। शिक्षक ने उन्हें लड़ाई रोकने और अपनी ऊर्जा का सही उपयोग करने के लिए कहा। शिक्षक ने समझाया कि यदि हम अपनी कक्षा में शांति नहीं रख सकते, तो दुनिया में शांति कैसे रखेंगे।

Teacher : Good, If you want to make peace, begin it from your home. Don’t fight at home. Don’t quarrel with your friends, neighbours or anyone around you.

Aman and Shanti : Yes Madam.

Teacher : Then stop quarrelling and try to keep peace in your surroundings.

Aman and Shanti : Okay madam, we shall try to keep peace in the society.

Teacher : You got both the words 'world' and 'peace'. Now I combine these words and define it to you. 'World Peace' means happiness, freedom and peace among people. 'World Peace' means 'to bring the world in harmony.'

Aman : Madam, what is 'harmony'?

Teacher : The word 'harmony' means 'co-operation, balance and co-ordination'. There are many factors which disturb this harmony.

Aman : Madam, please tell us about those factors.

Teacher : Okay, let me tell you about those factors. 'World Peace' is disturbed by two main factors. The first one is war and terrorism. War and terrorism are acts of violence which affect our generation emotionally and psychologically. The other reason which disturbs 'World Peace' is fighting on the basis of caste, creed, colour and religion. So by eliminating these factors and by respecting humanity we can make this world a better place to live in.

Aman : Okay madam, we shall try.

Teacher : Now I am going to tell you the way by which you can make peace in the world. Have you ever heard the term 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam'?

Aman and Shanti : No madam. We don't have any idea about it.

Teacher : Okay, let me explain this to you. 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' is a Sanskrit phrase which is made of three words: Vasudha, Eiva, and Kutumbakam which means that the earth or the world is a family. So we should consider the whole world as a family to get 'World Peace'.

🇮🇳 सरल हिन्दी अर्थ
शिक्षक बताते हैं कि यदि हम विश्व में शांति चाहते हैं, तो हमें इसकी शुरुआत अपने घर से करनी चाहिए। हमें घर में लड़ना नहीं चाहिए और अपने मित्रों, पड़ोसियों तथा आसपास के लोगों से झगड़ा नहीं करना चाहिए।

‘World Peace’ का अर्थ लोगों के बीच खुशी, स्वतंत्रता और शांति है। ‘Harmony’ का अर्थ सहयोग, संतुलन और तालमेल है।

युद्ध और आतंकवाद विश्व शांति को प्रभावित करते हैं। जाति, पंथ, रंग और धर्म के आधार पर होने वाली लड़ाई भी विश्व शांति में बाधा डालती है। इन कारणों को समाप्त करके और मानवता का सम्मान करके हम दुनिया को रहने के लिए बेहतर स्थान बना सकते हैं।

‘वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम्’ का अर्थ है कि पृथ्वी या पूरा विश्व एक परिवार है। इसलिए हमें पूरी दुनिया को एक परिवार मानना चाहिए।

🕊️ Let's stand hand in hand, to have peace in the land

आइए हाथ में हाथ मिलाकर धरती पर शांति स्थापित करें।

📚 NEW WORDS

📌 New Words भी clickable हैं। किसी शब्द पर tap करके उसका पूरा vocabulary popup देखें।

snatched

Pronunciation: /snætʃt/

झपट्टा मारा

🔊 Learn

harmony

Pronunciation: /ˈhɑːməni/

सामंजस्य

🔊 Learn

co-ordination

Pronunciation: /ˌkəʊ-ɔːdɪˈneɪʃn/

तालमेल

🔊 Learn

terrorism

Pronunciation: /ˈterərɪzəm/

आतंकवाद

🔊 Learn

psychologically

Pronunciation: /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkəli/

मनोवैज्ञानिक रूप से

🔊 Learn

eliminate

Pronunciation: /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/

समाप्त करना

🔊 Learn

🧠 COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. Answer the following questions:

a What does 'World Peace' mean?

'World Peace' means happiness, freedom and peace among people. 'World Peace' means 'to bring the world in harmony.'

हिन्दी: विश्व शांति का अर्थ लोगों के बीच खुशी, स्वतंत्रता और शांति है। इसका अर्थ दुनिया में सामंजस्य लाना है।

b What do you mean by the term 'harmony'?

The word 'harmony' means 'co-operation, balance and co-ordination'.

हिन्दी: Harmony का अर्थ सहयोग, संतुलन और तालमेल है।

c What are the main factors which disturb 'World Peace'?

The main factors are war and terrorism. Fighting on the basis of caste, creed, colour and religion also disturbs 'World Peace'.

हिन्दी: युद्ध और आतंकवाद मुख्य कारक हैं। जाति, पंथ, रंग और धर्म के आधार पर होने वाली लड़ाई भी विश्व शांति को बाधित करती है।

d What does the term 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' mean?

'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' means that the earth or the world is a family.

हिन्दी: ‘वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम्’ का अर्थ है कि पृथ्वी अथवा पूरा विश्व एक परिवार है।

e What can we do in order to keep peace in our surroundings?

We can keep peace in our surroundings by avoiding quarrels, respecting others, cooperating with people and treating everyone with humanity.

हिन्दी: हम झगड़ों से बचकर, दूसरों का सम्मान करके, लोगों के साथ सहयोग करके और सभी के साथ मानवता का व्यवहार करके अपने आसपास शांति बनाए रख सकते हैं।

💪 WORD POWER

1. Match the words given in column 'A' with their opposites in column 'B':

snatch Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

quarrel Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

friend Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

freedom Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

harmony Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

violence Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

eliminate Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

different Choose... same non-violence release peace conflict slavery enemy include

2. Tick (✔) the correct words given in the brackets:

a. Some deserts are Choose... bear bare and rocky.

b. We shall go to Delhi next Choose... week weak .

c. We get milk from a Choose... dairy diary .

d. Wheat Choose... flour floor is used to make bread.

🔤 LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Let's learn : Active Voice and Passive Voice

Compare these two sentences-

Ritu drew a beautiful picture.

A beautiful picture was drawn by Ritu.

Both the sentences mean the same thing. The only difference between them is that in the first sentence the subject (Ritu) is the doer of the action i.e., the subject is active. The verb drew is, therefore said to be in the active voice. In the second sentence, the subject (picture) is not active, but passive, the verb was drawn is therefore said to be in the passive voice.

Active voice	Passive voice
Satish guided me.	I was guided by Satish.
A village woman is making combs.	Combs are being made by a village woman.
Teejan Bai has sung many Pandvani songs.	Many Pandvani songs have been sung by Teejan Bai.
The Bhils will never hurt you.	You will never be hurt by the Bhils.

1. Now change the following sentences into passive voice.

The verbs are given in the bracket for your help. The first one has been done for you.

a. My mother writes detective stories.

Detective stories are written by my mother.

b. The children are flying kites.

c. The boy gives me a toy.

d. You have sold the car.

e. He sings a song.

f. The boy saw the spider.

⚡ Active → Passive Quick Practice

Simple Present

Active: Subject + V1 + Object

Passive: Object + is/am/are + V3

She writes a letter.
A letter is written by her.

Present Continuous

Active: is/am/are + V-ing

Passive: is/am/are + being + V3

They are making toys.
Toys are being made by them.

Present Perfect

Active: has/have + V3

Passive: has/have been + V3

She has written a letter.
A letter has been written by her.

Simple Past

Active: V2 + Object

Passive: was/were + V3

He opened the door.
The door was opened by him.

Simple Future

Active: will + V1

Passive: will be + V3

They will help us.
We will be helped by them.

🧠 HOTS — THINK DEEPER

Why does the teacher say that peace should begin from home?

The teacher wants students to understand that world peace begins with our own behaviour. If we avoid quarrels and respect others at home, we can spread the same peaceful behaviour in society.

विश्व शांति हमारे अपने व्यवहार से शुरू होती है। यदि हम घर में झगड़े से बचें और दूसरों का सम्मान करें, तो यही शांतिपूर्ण व्यवहार समाज में भी फैला सकते हैं।

How can children contribute to World Peace?

Children can avoid fights, respect classmates, cooperate with others, listen to different opinions and solve disagreements peacefully.

बच्चे लड़ाई से बचकर, सहपाठियों का सम्मान करके, सहयोग करके और मतभेदों को शांतिपूर्वक सुलझाकर विश्व शांति में योगदान दे सकते हैं।

What would happen if everyone considered the world as one family?

People would become more caring, cooperative and respectful towards one another. Conflicts and divisions could be reduced.

लोग एक-दूसरे के प्रति अधिक संवेदनशील, सहयोगी और सम्मानपूर्ण बनेंगे। संघर्ष और विभाजन कम किए जा सकते हैं।

🌱 LIFE SKILLS — PEACE BEGINS WITH ME

🕊️ My Peace Promise

Complete the sentences:

I will not fight with

I will respect

I will help

When I disagree, I will

मेरी शांति प्रतिज्ञा:

मैं झगड़े से बचूँगा/बचूँगी, दूसरों का सम्मान करूँगा/करूँगी, जरूरतमंदों की सहायता करूँगा/करूँगी और मतभेद होने पर शांतिपूर्ण तरीके से समस्या का समाधान करने का प्रयास करूँगा/करूँगी।

🎤 LET'S SPEAK

Speak for One Minute: “How Can I Promote Peace?”

• I will avoid unnecessary fights.
• I will respect my classmates.
• I will listen to others.
• I will solve disagreements peacefully.
• I will treat everyone with humanity.

✍️ ACTIVITY — LET'S WRITE

Write the following poem on a chart paper and hang it in your classroom or school:

Darkness cannot
Drive out darkness
Only light can do that
Hate cannot
Drive out hate
Only love can do that.

भावार्थ: अंधकार को अंधकार दूर नहीं कर सकता, उसे केवल प्रकाश दूर कर सकता है। घृणा को घृणा दूर नहीं कर सकती, उसे केवल प्रेम दूर कर सकता है।

🌍 WORLD PEACE LEADERS

Discuss with your teacher about the leaders who contributed to the world peace and write a few lines about them in your notebook:

🕊️ Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi believed in truth and non-violence. His peaceful methods inspired people in India and around the world.

महात्मा गांधी सत्य और अहिंसा में विश्वास करते थे। उनके शांतिपूर्ण तरीकों ने भारत और दुनिया के लोगों को प्रेरित किया।

🤝 Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela worked against apartheid and promoted equality, reconciliation and peaceful coexistence.

नेल्सन मंडेला ने रंगभेद के विरुद्ध संघर्ष किया और समानता, मेल-मिलाप तथा शांतिपूर्ण सह-अस्तित्व को बढ़ावा दिया।

☮️ Dalai Lama

The Dalai Lama is widely known for his message of compassion, kindness, dialogue and peace.

दलाई लामा करुणा, दया, संवाद और शांति के संदेश के लिए जाने जाते हैं।

🎭 ROLE PLAY — LET'S MAKE PEACE

Situation:

Two students are arguing because both want to use the same book at the same time.

What should they do?

Fight until one student wins.

Talk politely, share the book and find a peaceful solution.

🏆 INTERACTIVE CHAPTER QUIZ

Choose the correct answer.

⚡ ONE-MINUTE REVISION

Remember These Points

• World Peace means happiness, freedom and peace among people.
• World Peace means bringing the world in harmony.
• Harmony means co-operation, balance and co-ordination.
• Peace should begin from our homes.
• War and terrorism disturb World Peace.
• Fighting on the basis of caste, creed, colour and religion disturbs World Peace.
• We should respect humanity.
• Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam means that the earth or the world is a family.
• Active Voice focuses on the doer of the action.
• Passive Voice focuses on the receiver of the action.

🇮🇳 मुख्य बातें

विश्व शांति की शुरुआत हमारे अपने घर और व्यवहार से होती है। हमें लड़ाई-झगड़े से बचना चाहिए, दूसरों का सम्मान करना चाहिए और मानवता की भावना से रहना चाहिए।

‘वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम्’ का संदेश है कि पूरी पृथ्वी एक परिवार है।

✅ SELF-CHECK

☐ I understand World Peace.

☐ I know the meaning of harmony.

☐ I know the factors disturbing World Peace.

☐ I understand Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam.

☐ I can use the New Words.

☐ I can identify opposites.

☐ I understand Active Voice.

☐ I understand Passive Voice.

☐ I can change Active into Passive Voice.

☐ I can explain how to promote peace.

English Reader-III • Class 8 • Lesson 16 — World Peace
Read • Understand • Click & Learn • Listen • Practise • Think • Write

Word

🔤 ENGLISH PHONICS

🗣️ PRONUNCIATION

🇮🇳 HINDI MEANING

✍️ SIMPLE ENGLISH USE